Are mycotoxins dangerous to humans?

Mycotoxins can cause a variety of adverse health effects and pose a serious health threat to both humans and livestock. The adverse health effects of mycotoxins range from acute poisoning to long-term effects such as immune deficiency and cancer.

What type of hazard is a mycotoxin?

Chemical contaminants cover a broad range of contaminants, including naturally occurring components of certain food ingredients (e.g., glucosinolates), toxins produced by microorganisms found in the environment (e.g., mycotoxins), pesticides, and industrial chemicals.

What is the effect of Citrinin?

Citrinin has been known to be nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, and carcinogenic to humans and animals. Citrinin, like OTA, has been reported to be a potential risk factor for human Balkan endemic nephropathy, originally described as a chronic tubulointerstitial kidney disease in southeastern Europe (Bamias and Boletis, 2008).

Is patulin a good antibiotic?

Initial studies of patulin indicated that it had antibiotic properties against certain bacteria. Further studies indicated, however, that the patulin was too toxic for use in humans. While some animal studies suggest a carcinogenic potential of patulin (Becci et al., 1981) by IARC.

How do I know if I have mycotoxins?

While different strains of mycotoxins produce varying symptoms in people, many of the main symptoms are: Difficulty with digestion. Difficulty digesting proteins. Damage to the immune system.

How do I get rid of citrinin?

Treatment of Citrinin requires a reduction in exposure to the toxin. – Carefully inspect whole grains and nuts for evidence of mould, and discard any that look mouldy, discoloured, or shriveled.

What kind of toxin is citrinin?

Citrinin (CTN) is a nephrotoxic mycotoxin produced by several species of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Monascus.

What can patulin cause?

Patulin causes different health hazards, including nausea, lung congestion, epithelial cell degeneration, along with carcinogenic, genotoxic, immunosuppressive, and teratogenic effects (Hopkins, 1993; Sant’Ana, Rosenthal, & de Massaguer, 2008).

Can you taste patulin?

You cannot see or smell or taste the toxin, so it is not possible to know if it is present without laboratory testing. Patulin has been shown to cause serious illness in animals and humans, especially to the nervous systems and might cause problems with blood flow, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms.