What is the pathophysiology of pneumothorax?

Pathophysiology of Pneumothorax In pneumothorax, air enters the pleural space from outside the chest or from the lung itself via mediastinal tissue planes or direct pleural perforation. Intrapleural pressure increases, and lung volume decreases.

What is the mechanism of pneumothorax injury?

Pneumothorax may result when blunt force (such as a motor vehicle crash or fall) or a penetrating injury (such as a stab or gunshot wound) damages the lungs and/or airways. The damage allows air to leave the lung and collect between the lung and the wall of the chest.

What is the pathogenesis behind a tension pneumothorax?

Tension pneumothorax occurs anytime a disruption involves the visceral pleura, parietal pleura, or the tracheobronchial tree. This condition develops when injured tissue forms a one-way valve, allowing air inflow with inhalation into the pleural space and prohibiting air outflow.

What are the 5 types of pneumothorax?

Types of Pneumothorax

• Primary Pneumothorax.
• Secondary Pneumothorax.
• Tension or Non-tension Pneumothorax.
• Traumatic Pneumothorax.
• Auscultation.
• Imaging.
• Treatment.
• Recurrent pneumothorax treatment.

How do you explain pneumothorax?

A pneumothorax (noo-moe-THOR-aks) is a collapsed lung. A pneumothorax occurs when air leaks into the space between your lung and chest wall. This air pushes on the outside of your lung and makes it collapse. A pneumothorax can be a complete lung collapse or a collapse of only a portion of the lung.

What is the difference between hemothorax and pneumothorax?

Pneumothorax, which is also known as a collapsed lung, happens when there is air outside the lung, in the space between the lung and the chest cavity. Hemothorax occurs when there is blood in that same space.

What is the cause of Hydropneumothorax?

TB remains the most common etiology for hydropneumothorax. ICD tube insertion remains the management along with antimicrobial chemotherapy.

When is a chest tube placement indicated in the treatment of pneumothorax?

ACCP recommends the placement of a chest tube in a case of large pneumothorax, regardless of whether the patient is clinically stable or unstable, and that in most instances, patients with a large pneumothorax should be hospitalized.

What is the clinical profile of iatrogenic pneumothorax?

The clinical profile of iatrogenic pneumothorax is affected by any underlying diseases and health conditions of patient, as well as the pneumothorax etiology. A patient in poor general condition may experience severe symptoms even from a small volume pneumothorax.

Pathophysiology of Pneumothorax. In a healthy person, the pleural pressure remains negative relative to atmospheric pressure throughout the entire respiratory cycle. This pressure difference between pulmonary alveoli and the pleural cavity is called the transpulmonary pressure, and this pressure causes elastic recoil of lung.

What is the definition of a small pneumothorax?

The guidelines published by the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) define a small pneumothorax as a decrease in apical length of less than 3 cm5.